CNS Occasional Papers

Occasional Paper #63 cover.

OP63: Generative AI and WMD Nonproliferation: Why Diplomats and Policymakers Need to Pay Attention Now and Develop AI Literacy

Policymakers and diplomats must urgently develop AI literacy to harness its benefits while safeguarding against potential misuse.

OP#62: The Future of NATO’s Nuclear Posture and Arms Control in Today’s More Dangerous World

At the present moment, it is hard to see grounds for optimism when it comes to nuclear arms control or risk reduction.

Cover for OP#61: Iran-Russia Defense Cooperation: Current Realities and Future Horizons

OP#61: Iran-Russia Defense Cooperation: Current Realities and Future Horizons

Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the country’s defense relationship with Iran has deepened and widened considerably.

OP#60: Nuclear China in the Twenty-First Century: Status and Implications for the World and Europe

Concerns over China’s rapid nuclear arsenal expansion have prompted global efforts to assess its implications, especially for NATO’s security.

OP#59: Russia, The Global South and Multilateral Nuclear Diplomacy after the Invasion of Ukraine

OP#59: Russia, The Global South and Multilateral Nuclear Diplomacy after the Invasion of Ukraine

This paper assesses the impact of Russia’s war against Ukraine on multilateral nuclear diplomacy, with a particular focus on dynamics between Russia and countries of the Global South.

Cover of the Occasional Paper #58: Dangerous Decline: Russia’s Military and Security Influence in the Global South and the Implications for the United States

OP#58: Dangerous Decline: Russia’s Military and Security Influence in the Global South and the Implications for the United States

This study argues that Russia seeks to boost its military and security influence in the Global South in light of what it considers a protracted, systemic confrontation with Western states.

Report cover image of crates with radiological materials inside. : Experts from the National Agency for Regulation of Nuclear and Radiological Activities of the Republic of Moldova (NARNRA) verify the submitted inventory of sources at the JSC Moldova Steel Works in November 2014

OP#57: Radiological Security in Contested Territories

One of the few success stories in the elimination of radioactive sources from a contested territory is the Republic of Moldova’s removal of approximately 2,700 disused radioactive materials from the breakaway region of Transdniestria.

Cover of OP#56: Russian-Turkish Relations and Implications for U.S. Strategy and Operations

OP#56: Russian-Turkish Relations and Implications for U.S. Strategy and Operations

This study outlines an inventory of measures the U.S. government can take, comprising strategic and operational recommendations.

Everything Counts: Building a Control Regime for Nonstrategic Nuclear Warheads in Europe (CNS Occasional Paper #55)

OP55: Everything Counts: Building a Control Regime for Nonstrategic Nuclear Warheads in Europe

Such an agreement will face major negotiating and implementation challenges—not only between Washington and Moscow, but also between Washington and NATO European allies.

3D rendering satellite image of middle east at night

OP #54: Implications of Russia’s Activities in the Middle East and North Africa Region for U.S. Strategy and Interests

Russia’s ability to project power into the region remains limited today, and the status quo seems tolerable. But there are risks to U.S. interests in the future.